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{{Infobox England county| name = Tyne and Wear
| image =
| motto =
| map = ]
''Shown within [England''
| status = [Metropolitan counties of England &[Ceremonial counties of England
| origin = 1974([Local Government Act 1972)
| region = [North East England
| arearank = [List of Ceremonial counties of England by Area
| area_km2 = 540
| ons = 2D
| nutscode = 2
| nuts3 = UKC22/23
| poprank = [List of ceremonial counties of England by population
| popestdate = {{English statistics year-->
| pop = {{English cerem counties|POP=Tyne and Wear-->
| density_km2 = {{English cerem counties|DEN=Tyne and Wear-->
| ethnicity = 96.8% White
1.8% S. Asian
| council = ''No [county council since 1986.''
| mps =
| subdivname = Metropolitan Boroughs
| subdivmap = ]
| subdivs =
Gateshead
Newcastle-upon-Tyne
North Tyneside
South Tyneside
City of Sunderland
-->
Tyne and Wear is a metropolitan county in North East England England around the mouths of the Rivers
River Tyne and River Wear. It came into existence as a metropolitan county in 1974 after the passage of the
Local Government Act 1972. It consists of the five metropolitan boroughs of
South Tyneside, North Tyneside, City of
Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead (borough) and the City of Sunderland.
Tyne and Wear is bounded on the east by the North Sea, and as a
ceremonial counties of England, shares borders with
Northumberland to the north, and County Durham to the south.
Tyne and Wear County Council was abolished in 1986, and so its districts (the metropolitan boroughs) are now effectively
unitary authority. However, the metropolitan county continues to exist in law and as a geographic frame of reference. Office of National Statistics - Gazetteer of the old and new geographies of the United Kingdom, p48. URL accessed March 12, 2007. Metropolitan Counties and Districts, Beginners' Guide to UK Geography,
Office for National Statistics, September 17, 2004. URL accessed March 12, 2007. North East England Counties, The Boundary Commission for England. URL accessed March 12, 2007.
The territory comprising the county of Tyne and Wear previously formed part of the counties of Northumberland and County Durham.
History
Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead, South Shields and Sunderland were all constituted as county boroughs under the
Local Government Act 1888. These were joined by
Tynemouth in 1904. Between the county boroughs various settlements were part of the administrative counties of
County Durham and
Northumberland.
The need to reform local government on Tyneside was recognised as early as 1935, when a
Royal Commission to Investigate the Conditions of Local Government on Tyneside was appointed.London Gazette,
10 May 1935 The three commissioners were to
"examine the system of local government in the areas of local government north and south of the river Tyne from the sea to the boundary of the Rural District of Castle Ward and Hexham in the County of Northumberland and to the Western boundary of the County of Durham, to consider what changes, if any, should be made in the existing arrrngements with a view to securing greater economy and efficiency, and to make recommendations."The report of the Royal Commission was published in 1937.Local Government in the Tyneside Area (Cmd.5402) It recommended the establishment of a Regional Council for Northumberland and Tyneside (to be called the "Northumberland Regional Council") to administer services that needed to be exercised over a wide area, with a second tier of smaller units for other local government purposes. The second-tier units would be formed by amalgamating the various existing boroughs and districts. The county boroughs in the area would lose their status. Within this area, a single municipality would be formed covering the four county boroughs of Newcastle, Gateshead, Tynemouth, South Shields and other urban districts and boroughs.Government of Tyneside : a Regional Council. The Times. March 19, 1937.
A minority report proposed amalgamation of Newcastle, Gateshead, Wallsend, Jarrow, Felling, Gosforth, Hebburn and Newburn into a single "county borough of Newcastle-on-Tyneside". The 1937 report was not acted upon : local authorities were unable to agree on a scheme and the legislation of the time did not allow central government to compel one.Local Government on Tyneside. Sir K. Wood and Report of Commission. The Times. September 22, 1937.
Tyneside (excluding Sunderland) was a
Local Government Act 1958#Special review areas under the Local Government Act 1958. The Local Government Commission for England (1958 - 1967) came back with a recommendation to create a new county of Tyneside based on the review area, divided into four separate boroughs. This was not implemented. The
Redcliffe-Maud Report proposed a Tyneside
unitary authority, again excluding Sunderland, which was to form a separate East Durham unitary authority.
The White Paper that led to the Local Government Act 1972 proposed as "area 2" a metropolitan county including Newcastle and Sunderland, extending as far south down the coast as Seaham and Easington, and bordering "area 4" (which would become
Cleveland, England). The Bill as presented in November 1971 pruned back the southern edge of the area, and gave it the name 'Tyneside'. The name 'Tyneside' was controversial on
Wearside, and the name changed to 'Tyne and Wear' by a government amendment upon the request of Sunderland County Borough Council.Hansard, 6 July 1972, column 909
Local government
Although the metropolitan county council was abolished in 1986, several Local Government in the United Kingdom#Joint-boards exist to run certain services on a county-wide basis.Most notable is the
Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Authority, which co-ordinates transport policy. Through its
Passenger Transport Executive, known as
Nexus, it owns and operates the
Tyne and Wear Metro light rail system, and the Shields
ferry service and the Tyne Tunnel, linking communities on either side of the River Tyne.Also through Nexus, the authority subsidises socially-necessary transport services (including taxis) and operates a concessionary fares scheme for the elderly and disabled.
The Passenger Transport Authority is a "precepting authority", raising funds by imposing a levy on the
Council Tax of the five constituent authorities of Tyne and Wear.
Other joint bodies include Tyne and Wear Museums,
Tyne and Wear Archives Service and the
Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue Service. These joint bodies are administered by representatives of all five of the constituent councils. In addition the
Northumbria Police force, which covers the whole of Northumberland and Tyne and Wear, is one of several joint forces in England spanning two or more counties. The force was created in 1974, and so is not a by-product of the abolition of the county council.
Identity
The metropolitan county crosses the historic border between
Northumberland, and
County Durham: the
River Tyne. Newcastle upon Tyne and
North Tyneside are to the north of it (in what was part of Northumberland), and Gateshead,
City of Sunderland and South Tyneside are to the south (in what was part of
County Durham).
Some organisations do not use Tyne and Wear as a county, instead retaining the historic boundary between
Northumberland and
County Durham. This includes particularly
wildlife and biology recording groups, for whom the stability of recording boundaries is important for the maintenance of long-term records (see
Watsonian vice-counties).
The River Tyne was used as the border in 1883 when Parliament created the Church of England
Bishop of Newcastle out of the Bishop of Durham and remains so still.
Additionally, administrative convenience, demographics and loyalty mean that many
sporting organisations also use the historic boundary; For example, the Northumberland Football Association is based in Newcastle upon Tyne, as is the
minor counties Northumberland County Cricket Club and its four regular grounds.
Some residents also prefer to use the
Historic counties of England when referring to places in Tyne and Wear.
Others feel that the Tyne is linking factor, not a dividing line. Many inhabitants refer to themselves as
Tynesiders or Geordies, regardless of which side of the river they are from. Despite a strong local rivalry, there are strong links between Newcastle and Gateshead, as well as the many bridges that link the two communities; one example being the (failed) joint bid for European Capital of Culture in 2008.
Politics
The county is divided into 14
Parliamentary constituencies. In July 2005, all these constituencies were represented by
Labour Party (UK).
Historically, the area has been a Labour stronghold: for example, South Shields is the only Parliamentary constituency that has never returned a
Conservative Party (UK) Member of Parliament (MP) to the
British House of Commons since the
Reform Act 1832,
Reviews by the
Boundary Commission may lead to a change in the number of parliamentary constituencies in Tyne and Wear, reducing them by one. This could see a constituency returning a Conservative MP as the reorganisation of constituencies in the
City of Sunderland has created a
Sunderland Central constituency, encompassing the Conservative-held wards north and south of the
River Wear.
Sunderland North and Washington and
Sunderland South and Houghton are the other new constituencies, although there has been criticism that Sunderland does not share the same cultural and historical links that
Washington, Tyne and Wear and Houghton-le-Spring do, which is currently reflected in the Houghton and Washington East constituency. The small part of the Gateshead East and Washington West constituency that lies within the
City of Sunderland will be included in the Sunderland North and Washington constituency.
At the level of
local government, three of the region's five
unitary authority were controlled by Labour in 2005, the exceptions being Newcastle City Council and North Tyneside Council. Since an upset result in the UK local election, 2004, the former has been controlled by the Liberal Democrats (UK). No one party has overall control of North Tyneside Council: while the Conservatives hold the greatest number of seats, 28, they lack an overall majority, there are 32 other councillors. North Tyneside is the only authority in the area with a directly elected Mayor. Currently a Labour member.
Settlements
For a complete list of all villages, towns and cities see the list of places in Tyne and Wear.{]
Blaydon
GatesheadRowlands GillRyton, Tyne and Wear
Whickham
[GosforthNorth KentonBlakelaw
Fenham
Elswick, Tyne and Wear
Newburn
WalbottleWesterhopeJesmond
Benton, Newcastle upon Tyne
Forest HallWest MoorHeaton
Newcastle upon Tyne
ThrockleyWalker, Newcastle upon Tyne
| Newcastle City Council|-|
North Tyneside|
BackworthCullercoats
Earsdon
KillingworthLongbenton
MonkseatonNorth ShieldsTynemouth
Wallsend
Whitley Bay
Wideopen
]
CleadonHebburnJarrow
South ShieldsWhitburn, Tyne and Wear
| South Tyneside Metropolitian Borough Council|-|
Sunderland|Castletown, Tyne and WearFulwell
Herrington
Hetton-le-Hole
Houghton-le-Spring
Newbottle
Penshaw
RaintonRyhopeSeaburnSilksworthShiney RowSouth HyltonSouthwick, Sunderland
Springwell Village
Sunderland
Washington, Tyne and Wear
Warden Law
| Sunderland City Council|}
Places of interest
- Gateshead
- Newcastle
- North Tyneside
- South Tyneside
- Sunderland
- Jarrow
References
External links
- Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Authority
- Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue Service
- Tyne and Wear Museums
- Tyne and Wear Business Fourm & Information
{{Infobox England county| name = Tyne and Wear
| image =
| motto =
| map = ]
''Shown within [England''
| status = [Metropolitan counties of England &[Ceremonial counties of England
| origin = 1974([Local Government Act 1972)
| region = [North East England
| arearank = [List of Ceremonial counties of England by Area
| area_km2 = 540
| ons = 2D
| nutscode = 2
| nuts3 = UKC22/23
| poprank = [List of ceremonial counties of England by population
| popestdate = {{English statistics year-->
| pop = {{English cerem counties|POP=Tyne and Wear-->
| density_km2 = {{English cerem counties|DEN=Tyne and Wear-->
| ethnicity = 96.8% White
1.8% S. Asian
| council = ''No [county council since 1986.''
| mps =
| subdivname = Metropolitan Boroughs
| subdivmap = ]
| subdivs =
Gateshead
Newcastle-upon-Tyne
North Tyneside
South Tyneside
City of Sunderland
-->
Tyne and Wear is a
metropolitan county in North East England England around the mouths of the Rivers
River Tyne and
River Wear. It came into existence as a metropolitan county in 1974 after the passage of the
Local Government Act 1972. It consists of the five metropolitan boroughs of South Tyneside, North Tyneside, City of
Newcastle upon Tyne,
Gateshead (borough) and the
City of Sunderland.
Tyne and Wear is bounded on the east by the North Sea, and as a ceremonial counties of England, shares borders with
Northumberland to the north, and
County Durham to the south.
Tyne and Wear County Council was abolished in 1986, and so its districts (the metropolitan boroughs) are now effectively unitary authority. However, the metropolitan county continues to exist in law and as a geographic frame of reference. Office of National Statistics - Gazetteer of the old and new geographies of the United Kingdom, p48. URL accessed March 12, 2007. Metropolitan Counties and Districts, Beginners' Guide to UK Geography,
Office for National Statistics, September 17, 2004. URL accessed March 12, 2007. North East England Counties, The Boundary Commission for England. URL accessed March 12, 2007.
The territory comprising the county of Tyne and Wear previously formed part of the counties of Northumberland and County Durham.
History
Newcastle upon Tyne,
Gateshead,
South Shields and Sunderland were all constituted as
county boroughs under the
Local Government Act 1888. These were joined by
Tynemouth in 1904. Between the county boroughs various settlements were part of the administrative counties of
County Durham and
Northumberland.
The need to reform local government on Tyneside was recognised as early as 1935, when a
Royal Commission to Investigate the Conditions of Local Government on Tyneside was appointed.London Gazette, 10 May
1935 The three commissioners were to
"examine the system of local government in the areas of local government north and south of the river Tyne from the sea to the boundary of the Rural District of Castle Ward and Hexham in the County of Northumberland and to the Western boundary of the County of Durham, to consider what changes, if any, should be made in the existing arrrngements with a view to securing greater economy and efficiency, and to make recommendations."The report of the Royal Commission was published in 1937.Local Government in the Tyneside Area (Cmd.5402) It recommended the establishment of a Regional Council for Northumberland and Tyneside (to be called the "Northumberland Regional Council") to administer services that needed to be exercised over a wide area, with a second tier of smaller units for other local government purposes. The second-tier units would be formed by amalgamating the various existing boroughs and districts. The county boroughs in the area would lose their status. Within this area, a single municipality would be formed covering the four county boroughs of Newcastle, Gateshead, Tynemouth, South Shields and other urban districts and boroughs.Government of Tyneside : a Regional Council. The Times. March 19, 1937.
A minority report proposed amalgamation of Newcastle, Gateshead, Wallsend, Jarrow, Felling, Gosforth, Hebburn and Newburn into a single "county borough of Newcastle-on-Tyneside". The 1937 report was not acted upon : local authorities were unable to agree on a scheme and the legislation of the time did not allow central government to compel one.Local Government on Tyneside. Sir K. Wood and Report of Commission. The Times. September 22, 1937.
Tyneside (excluding Sunderland) was a
Local Government Act 1958#Special review areas under the Local Government Act 1958. The
Local Government Commission for England (1958 - 1967) came back with a recommendation to create a new county of Tyneside based on the review area, divided into four separate boroughs. This was not implemented. The
Redcliffe-Maud Report proposed a Tyneside
unitary authority, again excluding Sunderland, which was to form a separate East Durham unitary authority.
The White Paper that led to the Local Government Act 1972 proposed as "area 2" a metropolitan county including Newcastle and Sunderland, extending as far south down the coast as Seaham and Easington, and bordering "area 4" (which would become
Cleveland, England). The Bill as presented in November 1971 pruned back the southern edge of the area, and gave it the name 'Tyneside'. The name 'Tyneside' was controversial on Wearside, and the name changed to 'Tyne and Wear' by a government amendment upon the request of Sunderland County Borough Council.Hansard, 6 July
1972, column 909
Local government
Although the metropolitan county council was abolished in 1986, several
Local Government in the United Kingdom#Joint-boards exist to run certain services on a county-wide basis.Most notable is the Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Authority, which co-ordinates transport policy. Through its
Passenger Transport Executive, known as
Nexus, it owns and operates the
Tyne and Wear Metro light rail system, and the Shields ferry service and the Tyne
Tunnel, linking communities on either side of the River Tyne.Also through Nexus, the authority subsidises socially-necessary transport services (including taxis) and operates a concessionary fares scheme for the elderly and disabled.
The Passenger Transport Authority is a "precepting authority", raising funds by imposing a levy on the Council Tax of the five constituent authorities of Tyne and Wear.
Other joint bodies include
Tyne and Wear Museums, Tyne and Wear Archives Service and the Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue Service. These joint bodies are administered by representatives of all five of the constituent councils. In addition the
Northumbria Police force, which covers the whole of Northumberland and Tyne and Wear, is one of several joint forces in England spanning two or more counties. The force was created in 1974, and so is not a by-product of the abolition of the county council.
Identity
The metropolitan county crosses the historic border between Northumberland, and County Durham: the
River Tyne.
Newcastle upon Tyne and
North Tyneside are to the north of it (in what was part of Northumberland), and
Gateshead,
City of Sunderland and
South Tyneside are to the south (in what was part of
County Durham).
Some organisations do not use Tyne and Wear as a county, instead retaining the historic boundary between
Northumberland and
County Durham. This includes particularly wildlife and
biology recording groups, for whom the stability of recording boundaries is important for the maintenance of long-term records (see Watsonian vice-counties).
The River Tyne was used as the border in 1883 when Parliament created the Church of England Bishop of Newcastle out of the
Bishop of Durham and remains so still.
Additionally, administrative convenience, demographics and loyalty mean that many sporting organisations also use the historic boundary; For example, the Northumberland Football Association is based in Newcastle upon Tyne, as is the
minor counties Northumberland County Cricket Club and its four regular grounds.
Some residents also prefer to use the
Historic counties of England when referring to places in Tyne and Wear.
Others feel that the Tyne is linking factor, not a dividing line. Many inhabitants refer to themselves as
Tynesiders or
Geordies, regardless of which side of the river they are from. Despite a strong local rivalry, there are strong links between Newcastle and Gateshead, as well as the many bridges that link the two communities; one example being the (failed) joint bid for European Capital of Culture in 2008.
Politics
The county is divided into 14
Parliamentary constituencies. In July 2005, all these constituencies were represented by
Labour Party (UK).
Historically, the area has been a Labour stronghold: for example, South Shields is the only Parliamentary constituency that has never returned a
Conservative Party (UK) Member of Parliament (MP) to the British House of Commons since the Reform Act 1832,
Reviews by the
Boundary Commission may lead to a change in the number of parliamentary constituencies in Tyne and Wear, reducing them by one. This could see a constituency returning a Conservative MP as the reorganisation of constituencies in the
City of Sunderland has created a
Sunderland Central constituency, encompassing the Conservative-held wards north and south of the River Wear.
Sunderland North and Washington and
Sunderland South and Houghton are the other new constituencies, although there has been criticism that Sunderland does not share the same cultural and historical links that
Washington, Tyne and Wear and
Houghton-le-Spring do, which is currently reflected in the Houghton and Washington East constituency. The small part of the Gateshead East and Washington West constituency that lies within the
City of Sunderland will be included in the Sunderland North and Washington constituency.
At the level of local government, three of the region's five
unitary authority were controlled by Labour in 2005, the exceptions being Newcastle City Council and North Tyneside Council. Since an upset result in the
UK local election, 2004, the former has been controlled by the
Liberal Democrats (UK). No one party has overall control of North Tyneside Council: while the Conservatives hold the greatest number of seats, 28, they lack an overall majority, there are 32 other councillors. North Tyneside is the only authority in the area with a directly elected Mayor. Currently a Labour member.
Settlements
For a complete list of all villages, towns and cities see the list of places in Tyne and Wear.{]
BlaydonGateshead
Rowlands GillRyton, Tyne and WearWhickham
[Gosforth
North KentonBlakelaw
Fenham
Elswick, Tyne and Wear
Newburn
WalbottleWesterhope
Jesmond
Benton, Newcastle upon TyneForest HallWest Moor
HeatonNewcastle upon TyneThrockleyWalker, Newcastle upon Tyne
| Newcastle City Council|-|
North Tyneside|
BackworthCullercoatsEarsdon
Killingworth
LongbentonMonkseaton
North Shields
Tynemouth
Wallsend
Whitley Bay
Wideopen
]
CleadonHebburn
JarrowSouth ShieldsWhitburn, Tyne and Wear | South Tyneside Metropolitian Borough Council|-|
Sunderland|
Castletown, Tyne and WearFulwellHerringtonHetton-le-Hole
Houghton-le-SpringNewbottlePenshawRainton
RyhopeSeaburn
SilksworthShiney RowSouth HyltonSouthwick, SunderlandSpringwell Village Sunderland
Washington, Tyne and Wear
Warden Law
| Sunderland City Council|}
Places of interest
- Gateshead
- Newcastle
- North Tyneside
- South Tyneside
- Sunderland
- Jarrow
References
External links
- Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Authority
- Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue Service
- Tyne and Wear Museums
- Tyne and Wear Business Fourm & Information
TYNE AND WEAR DARTS
sports ... THE DOCK MENS TEAM. have dropped out of the League. please see fixture pages for revised fixtures
Tyne and Wear Timetables
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Tyne & Wear Archives Service
Lists the holdings which may be of value to family and local history researchers.
Aged 13-19? Visit Connexions in Tyne and Wear for help and advice on ...
Details of local services available to the region's employers, young people and training providers.
Tyne & Wear Development Company
Regional development organisation. Details of grants, properties and local statistics.
Jobs in Tyne and Wear, Topjobs
Jobs in Tyne and Wear. Welcome to the Tyne and Wear Jobs sector page from topjobs UK. Here you can view and apply for jobs in Tyne and Wear and view companies with Jobs in Tyne and ...
Tyne and Wear Freight Partnership
Welcome to the Tyne and Wear Freight Partnership website This website provides you with up-to-date information on issues relating to freight in Tyne and Wear.
Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue Service - Welcome to the Tyne and Wear ...
Official site for fire fighting and safety services in the Tyne and Wear. Details of stations, jobs, safety advice and statistics
Tyne and Wear Pages. Search Engine and Web Directory for Tyne and Wear ...
Tyne and Wear Pages. Search Engine and Web Directory for Tyne and Wear. ... Tyne and Wear Pages is a searchable directory specifically for websites in Tyne and Wear.
Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Trust
News, information on the various services and a patient information centre.